Advantages of the Experimental Method in Studying the Toxicogenicity of Bracken
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63437/3083-6425-2025-3(98)-07Abstract
The paper considers the current problem of familiarizing young people with the toxicity of the fern – bracken (eagle fern). Modern scientific research states the presence of ptaquiloside in the raw material Pteridium aquilinum, which is classified as a mutagen with carcinogenic activity. The results of a biological experiment indicate that eagle fern has both cytostatic and mitogenic activity, which depend on the concentration of plant raw materials. Cytostatic activity was studied by observing the perecycle cells of lateral roots mitotic division of cucumber seedlings depending on the concentration of the Pteridium aquilinum aqueous extract. Antibacterial activity was studied by the disk-diffusion method. The results indicate that the aqueous extract of the rhizomes of the bracken has a fairly high antibacterial activity against opportunistic bacteria. Since the rhizome of the bracken has surface-active compounds and belongs to the group of herbal detergents, we conducted a study of the antibacterial activity of such saponin-containing plants as the medicinal soapwort and the black elderberry. Comparative analysis showed that the bracken not only removes dirt, but also has high anti-staphylococcal activity. The most sensitive to the action of the bracken water extract was Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of the zone of inhibition of culture growth of 15 mm. Escherichia coli was also sensitive to the action of the extract of bracken, but with a smaller diameter of inhibition of culture growth.
In order to popularize data on the toxicity of bracken, we conducted a pedagogical experiment to optimize the methodology for familiarizing students and pupils with the problem of protection against ptaquiloside entering the human body.
During the pedagogical experiment, the academic achievements of students who participated in the constant and formative experiments were compared. A pedagogical experiment shows that laboratory increases the rate of students’ knowledge acquisition by 18 % more than lecture. The results of a similar experiment among students allow us to conclude that this rate is significantly higher and equals 21 %. The issue of the importance of familiarizing young people with toxic and carcinogenic substances of plants is discussed.
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References
Використані літературні джерела
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