The Use of Chemical Modeling in Teaching Sports Biology, Fundamentals of Genetics, and Valeology as a Method of Increasing educational efficiency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63437/3083-6425-2026-1(100)-08Keywords:
chemical modeling, artificial urine, blood groups, lysozyme, catalase, teaching methods, creativity development, educational programs of clubs, STEM/STEAM directionAbstract
The issue of improving learning effi ciency, especially in the aspect of health preservation and health formation, is an
important pedagogical problem. Many years of experience conducting the «Valeology» club and working with students – future
specialists in health formation – allow us to assert that an eff ective method for developing knowledge, skills, and abilities on
topics such as «Human Blood Groups», «Inheritance of Blood Groups», «Urolithiasis and Nephrolithiasis», and «Human Body
Enzymes» is the use of chemical modeling. The application of chemical models enables avoiding direct contact of learners with
human biological fl uids, which eliminates the risk of infection, while students still gain practical laboratory experience, which
are STEM/STEAM-oriented.
We propose using an artifi cial urine model to investigate the presence of oxalates and phosphates (substances that may
appear in urine as a result of pathological processes) as well as to qualitatively and quantitatively determine protein levels. To
motivate learners to abstain from alcohol, we suggest an experiment demonstrating the reduction of lysozyme activity under the
infl uence of beer. To create motivation for the sensible consumption of food additives such as sugar and salt, we propose an
experiment that shows the decrease in catalase activity – the main enzyme responsible for the antioxidant protection of the
human body.
In our opinion, it is also advisable to teach learners how to use modern portable devices, such as Greentest ECO, which
allow determining nitrate levels, water hardness, and radiation background. This work proposes chemical modeling during
lessons dedicated to the study of blood groups. According to the proposed methodology, an NaCl solution, with chloride ions,
simulates agglutinogen A, and an Na2SO4 solution, with sulfate ions, simulates agglutinogen B. A mixture of NaCl and Na2SO4
solutions models the fourth blood group, while distilled water simulates the fi rst group. Silver nitrate (1%) and BaCl2 (5%)
model agglutinins.
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